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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects more than 40 million adults in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) comprising citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs can also be used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. It can take up to one month for them to begin working.

They help by increasing the levels of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants known as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They work a little differently than SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take some time to start taking effects, and they tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil, can be effective for treating anxiety disorders. However, their drowsiness and other adverse reactions are what make them less popular. Another type of antidepressant, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are also able to be used to treat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and the high risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines can be used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause addiction tolerance, sedation, and tolerance, as well as withdrawal symptoms like a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential component of the treatment for anxiety as it can help you understand your symptoms and the causes. Many people find that both therapy and medication can help to manage anxiety. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as anxiety medications. Consult your physician to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also reduce symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart racing and shaking) and encourage sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance GABA's effects by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters and by reducing the volume of messages that are sent to the amygdala. This is a part of the brain that is able to detect the threat and triggers a feeling of fear.

These medications can be used for short durations of time like when panic attacks occur or when you experience extreme anxiety. They may ease the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. In contrast to SSRIs they don't stay in the body for very long. They're quick-acting and typically take effect in just a couple of hours, which makes them ideal for situations in which quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or before an event in public).

They can be addictive, so it is recommended to only prescribe them for up to 4 weeks at a time. They also lose their effectiveness after a certain period of time.

One of the reasons the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they worked and had few side effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They have a quick start of action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants as well as as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the minimization of the disorder, as well as the belief that benzodiazepine treatment result in physical dependence. Yet however, benzodiazepines still play a major role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially when combined with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications, causing undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medications that you are currently taking or plan to take. You Can You Treat Anxiety Disorder Without Medication determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines through the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first-line treatment for anxiety, however these medications might not be appropriate for all people. If they aren't working doctors might consider a different type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic an antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline and Clomipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, yet they're still readily available. Your doctor may also prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that can help are nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). These medications are also available in generic form. If they aren't helping your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Other medications for anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by preventing the action of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves, but they can be effective when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviours that cause anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn how to cope. Based on the severity of your condition exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to overcome negative thoughts, fearful thoughts and to overcome the fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until they are manageable. It can be performed in a group or on your own. In both cases it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medication and psychological therapy is the best option for certain people. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Inform your doctor about how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other medications can help relieve your symptoms. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and buspirone are all prescribed to reduce anxiety.

These medications can help reduce your symptoms, by reducing or blocking signals that trigger stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You will still have to take steps to reduce anxiety, such as exercises, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your first choice of anxiety medication that your doctor may prescribe. They are the most effective drugs for treating separation anxiety treatment disorders, according to research studies. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications can cause minor side effects, such as insomnia and nausea, however these usually subside in 4-8 weeks. Unlike the benzodiazepines, they're not addictive and do not increase your risk for suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, memory and coordination issues, and dependence. These are less popular than older barbiturates, however they are equally effective.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were designed to help with allergies however, they're also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and may cause the body to relax. It is not a controlled substance, so it doesn't have the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another kind of medication that can help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants. They've been shown to relieve anxiety by inhibiting the production and release of dopamine and serotonin. They may be prescribed in combination with other medications or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine if these medications are suitable for you. They will also discuss the length of time you'll need to take these medications and any side effects that may occur. Anxiety medications are only available through prescription, which means that you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.