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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects more than 40 million adults in the United States. It's highly treatable, with many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs also help with depression, and can ease symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They can take up to a month to begin to work.

These drugs work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. They are usually the first option for anxiety, but doctors also use other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They work a little differently than SSRIs because they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take some time to start taking effect, and they also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants, like imipramine Tofranil can be effective in treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, and other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. However, their strict dietary restrictions and the risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are frequently used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term for instance, when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can trigger addiction, tolerance, and sedation as well as withdrawal symptoms such a depression, anxiety, and delirium. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of a treatment plan for anxiety because it allows you to learn more about your symptoms and the root causes. Many people find that medication and therapy help them to cope. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk to your doctor about your options and what might be best drug to treat anxiety for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also relieve symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart racing or shaking) and help promote sleep.

The way they function is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acids or GABA and interacting with receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters, Anxiety Tools and reducing the number of messages that are sent to the amygdala. It is a part of the brain that evaluates threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medications can be utilized for short durations of time for instance, when you experience a panic attack or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They may help relieve symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. In contrast to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for very long. They are fast acting and can work within a few hours. This makes them suitable for situations when rapid relief is required (such for instance, during a flight or before giving a presentation in public).

Since they can be addictive, people are usually prescribed up to four weeks at a time. They also lose effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are effective and have few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They are safe and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed during the 1970s and 80s and included the denial of the disorder, as well as the belief that benzodiazepine treatment result in physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically when used in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause unwanted side-effects, such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you are currently taking or plan to take. You can determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list for medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other health ailments, too, such as eating disorders, some types of pain, and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment for anxiety by doctors, however they might not be effective for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working doctors may suggest an older version known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, yet they're still available. You can ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel), at lower doses if you are having sleep problems or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine are also helpful. They are also available in generic forms. If they don't work, your doctor may suggest the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by preventing the action of adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat anxiety alone however they can be effective if combined with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you change negative thoughts and behavior patterns that can cause anxiety. It will help you learn to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Depending on your health condition, you could be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to challenge fears and thoughts that are harmful, and to overcome your aversion to situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of Anxiety Tools-inducing situations until are able to handle them. This can be done individually or in small groups. In both instances, the results take time to appear. A combination of medication and psychological therapy is the best option for certain people. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Inform your doctor about how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat anxiety, other drugs can ease your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by reducing or blocking signals that cause anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You'll still have to do other things to control your anxiety, including physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these drugs are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These medications may cause mild side effects like insomnia and nausea, but these usually subside in 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they don't increase the risk of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination problems, and dependence. They're not as popular than the older barbiturates, however, they're equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially created to treat allergies. However they can also be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and can cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled substance and therefore doesn't carry the same addiction risks like benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been found to decrease anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine and s?rotonin. They may be prescribed in combination with other medicines or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They'll also talk about how long you should take them for and any potential side effects. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, so a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.